Meningitis and encephalitis information page.Journal of Global Infectious Diseases, 8(2), 93–94 A case of generalized tetanus from a nonendemic country. Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews, 13(1), 689-696 Insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of Krabbe disease. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Only some types of Chiari malformation do this. Chiari malformation: Part of the lower brain pushes out through the spinal canal, increasing pressure on the spine, brain, and often interfering with fluid flow causing hydrocephalus.Brain tumor: An abnormal, often uncontrollable cellular growth that can put pressure on the brain tissues and disrupt nerve function.Subarachnoid hemorrhage: This happens when bleeding occurs between the brain and the tissues surrounding it.Hydrocephalus: Congenital disability, injury, or disease cause cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to accumulate, putting pressure on the brain.Brain hemorrhage or bleeding: This occurs when injury, disease, congenital disabilities, or blood vessels in the brain rupture, causing blood to accumulate and put pressure on brain tissues.Other causes include conditions that involve increased cranial pressure, such as: Infant alcohol withdrawal can cause reduced or uncontrollable muscle function. Infant alcohol withdrawal: This occurs when a pregnant woman drinks excessive amounts of alcohol while pregnant. Newborns and adults with pre-existing liver conditions have a higher risk of bilirubin encephalopathy. One severe form of Gaucher disease can cause opisthotonus in infants, but this is rare.īilirubin encephalopathy, or kernicterus: A brain dysfunction that can potentially cause irreversible brain damage. Gaucher disease: Fat-filled cells build up in organs, especially the liver and spleen, causing them to swell fat cells also affect the bone marrow, causing bone pain. Krabbe disease causes loss of muscle control and seizures that do not respond to treatment and can lead to premature death. Krabbe disease: An inherited condition that mostly impacts infants, young children, and young adults. Opisthotonos is a rare side effect, and symptoms usually go away once the person has stopped taking the drugs. Phenothiazines: These are drugs commonly used to treat certain mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia. Consuming strychnine, a chemical found in rodent poisons, pesticides, and insecticides can also cause the condition.Ĭerebral palsy: When brain damage that occurs during fetal development causes a range of symptoms related to muscle dysfunction. Poisonings or overdoses: Young children are at a greater risk of accidental poisoning. Tetanus is often called lockjaw because its most common symptoms are a locked jaw, stiff neck, and trouble swallowing. Tetanus: Caused by toxins produced by the bacteria Clostridium tetani, which damage the nervous system and brain tissue. The majority of cases in the United States are viral, but bacteria and fungi can also cause the condition. Meningitis: When an infection causes inflammation of the tissues that surround the brain and spinal chord. Share on Pinterest The tetanus bacteria may damage the nervous system and brain tissue.
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